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  1. Lexicon
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Münchhausen Trilemma

  • Volker
  • December 16, 2017 at 2:31 PM
  • 2,791 times viewed
  • Münchhausen Trilemma.

    Münchhausen Trilemma:

    Angenommen, Satz p soll begründet werden. Drei Wege scheinen hierfür möglich:

    Infiniter Regress: Jede Aussage, die p begründet, muss wiederum begründet werden. Dies führt in einen „unendlichen Regress“.

    Zirkel: Die Begründung verläuft im Kreis. Eine Aussage, die p begründen soll, ist identisch mit p oder kommt in der Begründungskette, die p begründen soll, bereits vor. (Beispiel nach einer Komödie Molières: Warum ist das Mädchen stumm? – Das Mädchen ist stumm, weil es sein Sprachvermögen verloren hat! – Warum hat es sein Sprachvermögen verloren? – Auf Grund des Unvermögens, die Sprache zu beherrschen!)

    Abbruch des Verfahrens: Infinitiver Regress und Zirkelschluss können sich durchaus verbinden oder endlos wiederholen, welches letztlich zum Abbruch des Begründungsverfahrens führt.

    Zusätzlich, und gleichzeitig zu verstehen als Motivation für die Formulierung dieses Münchhausen-Trilemmas, fügt Albert (sinngemäß) hinzu: „Wenn es eine Letztbegründung gäbe (was glücklicherweise schlecht möglich ist), würde diese unweigerlich zu einem Dogma führen.“

    Da es keine unfehlbaren Quellen der Erkenntnis gebe, sondern allenfalls Quellen, deren Unfehlbarkeit dogmatisch behauptet wird, gibt es gemäß dem Münchhausen-Trilemma keinen privilegierten Zugang zur Wahrheit.

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